01 / Morfologi

Ciri dan struktur

The cap of C. variegata is thin, initially oval-shaped then bell-shaped, and then flattened with the margin turned upward; it reaches diameters of up to 12 in. When young, the surface of the cap is covered with a woolly whitish or yellowish veil that breaks up into short-lived flakes or scales; this process reveals the radially striate (grooved) gray to grayish-brown cap surface. The gills are broad, thin, crowded closely together, and free from attachment to the stem. They are initially white but turn to dark purplish-brown as the spores mature. The stem is 4 to 12 in and up to 1 cm thick, hollow, and whitish. It is roughly the same width throughout the length of the stem, and may have a wispy, cotton-like ring present near the base. Clusters of fruit bodies have a mass of rhizomorphs at the base called an ozonium. In deposit, the spores are dark brown. A light microscope may be used to reveal more features of the spores, including smooth surfaces, a dark brown color, an ellipsoid shape in face view and an egg shape in side view, and dimensions of 7.5–9.5 by 4–4.5 μm. The apex of the spore appears truncated because of the presence of a germ pore. The basidia (spore-bearing cells) are hyaline (translucent), with dimensions of 14–16 by 6.5–7.5 μm. The paraphyses are 9–11 by 8–10 μm, hyaline, and collapse readily. The pleurocystidia (cystidia present on the gill face) are abundant, roughly cylindrical, hyaline, and measure 100–150 by 20–35 μm. Cheilocystidia (cystidia on the edge of an gill) are present in young specimens, and are roughly ellipsoid, measuring 50–80 by 15–25 μm.

Sebagian uraian ditampilkan dalam bahasa sumber; terjemahannya belum tersedia atau belum lolos pemeriksaan.

Rujukan: [1]

Pengukuran mengikuti objek, spesimen atau kultur, dan metode yang disebutkan sumber. Baca uraian asli untuk konteks lengkap.

02 / Kehidupan

Habitat dan peran ekologis

Spesies ini saprobik ⁇ mendapat nutrisi dengan membusuk dan mencerna materi organik ⁇ dan tumbuh dalam kelompok atau kelompok di atas daun yang membusuk atau kayu yang membusuk. Biasanya buahnya dalam jendela sempit dari June to Juli; musim semi dan awal musim panas ini membedakan buahnya dari yang lebih umum Coprinus comatus dan Coprinopsis atramentaria, yang menghasilkan tubuh buah di akhir musim gugur. Hal ini ditemukan di Amerika Serikat, di daerah timur Dataran Tinggi. Coprinopsis variegata dapat menyerang bakteri tanah, seperti spesies Agrobacterium Pseudomonas and, dan menggunakannya sebagai sumber nutrisi. Jamur ini mencapai hal ini dengan tumbuh khusus hifa ke arah bakteri, merasakannya dengan mekanisme kemotraktif yang belum sepenuhnya dipahami. The fungus then secretes compounds to digest the bacteria while growing assimilative hyphae to absorb the nutrients. Prosesnya relatif cepat, dan koloni bakteri dapat disesuaikan dengan waktu kurang dari 24 hours.

Sebagian uraian ditampilkan dalam bahasa sumber; terjemahannya belum tersedia atau belum lolos pemeriksaan.

Rujukan: [1]

Habitat atau konteks temuan
Informasi belum tersedia pada sumber rilis ini.
Substrat
Informasi belum tersedia pada sumber rilis ini.
Peran atau konteks
Pengurai
Temukan hubungan serupa
03 / Siklus hidup

Reproduksi

The cap of C. variegata is thin, initially oval-shaped then bell-shaped, and then flattened with the margin turned upward; it reaches diameters of up to 12 in. When young, the surface of the cap is covered with a woolly whitish or yellowish veil that breaks up into short-lived flakes or scales; this process reveals the radially striate (grooved) gray to grayish-brown cap surface. The gills are broad, thin, crowded closely together, and free from attachment to the stem. They are initially white but turn to dark purplish-brown as the spores mature. The stem is 4 to 12 in and up to 1 cm thick, hollow, and whitish. It is roughly the same width throughout the length of the stem, and may have a wispy, cotton-like ring present near the base.

Sebagian uraian ditampilkan dalam bahasa sumber; terjemahannya belum tersedia atau belum lolos pemeriksaan.

Rujukan: [1]

Sinonim menurut acuan taksonomi rilis: Coprinus atramentarius var. crassivelatus; Coprinus variegatus
04 / Batas informasi

Catatan identitas dan cakupan

  • Nama diterima mengikuti Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11; uraian mempertahankan konsep dan nama sumber aslinya.
  • Original geographic, specimen and life-cycle scope retained; source import awaits individual editorial review.
  • Impor dan terjemahan otomatis belum diperiksa editorial per profil. Struktur reproduktif yang disebutkan tidak membuktikan seluruh siklus hidup diketahui.
  • Pengukuran pada uraian mengikuti spesimen, kultur, dan metode sumber; angka tidak diperluas ke semua populasi.

Catatan distribusi dalam narasi mengikuti sumbernya. Dokumentasi spesimen atau foto mengikuti catatan sumber. Bukti wilayah Indonesia dan penilaian konservasi tidak disimpulkan dari gambar.

05 / Dokumentasi

Melihat dengan konteks

Dokumentasi Coprinopsis variegata menurut asosiasi foto pada record takson iNaturalist. Kredit: Bill Sheehan. Identitas mengikuti sumber; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.

Jenis
Fotografi
Kredit
(c) Bill Sheehan, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA), uploaded by Bill Sheehan
Sumber media
Buka entri sumber

Gambar menunjukkan objek menurut identifikasi sumber, bukan verifikasi independen spesimen oleh Fungi. Tidak ada skala baru yang ditambahkan.

Dokumentasi tambahan

Foto yang diasosiasikan dengan Coprinopsis variegata pada iNaturalist

Foto yang diasosiasikan dengan Coprinopsis variegata pada iNaturalist. Identifikasi mengikuti sumber; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.

Fotografi · Sumber gambar · CC BY-SA 4.0

Kredit dan penggunaan

(c) Fluff Berger, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA), uploaded by Fluff Berger

Ukuran dan format gambar disesuaikan tanpa pemotongan, retus, atau penambahan skala. Lisensi sumber dipertahankan.

06 / Rujukan

Sumber profil

  1. [1] Coprinopsis variegata — Wikipedia (en)Bagian sumber: Frozen revision 1282233316
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
    Teks sumber: CC BY-SA4.0 · Wikipedia contributors
  2. [2] Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11 — Coprinopsis variegataBagian sumber: ColDP NameUsage.tsv ID 5ZZ5S; accepted species; source 2073
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
  3. [3] Dokumentasi visual — Coprinopsis variegataBagian sumber: Identitas mengikuti sumber dokumentasi; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-17
    Media sumber: CC BY-SA 4.0 · (c) Bill Sheehan, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA), uploaded by Bill Sheehan
  4. [4] Dokumentasi visual — Coprinopsis variegataBagian sumber: Identitas mengikuti sumber dokumentasi; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-17
    Teks sumber: CC BY-SA 4.0 · (c) Fluff Berger, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA), uploaded by Fluff Berger

Adaptasi teks: CC BY-SA 4.0. Wikipedia contributors — Coprinopsis variegata — Wikipedia (en)

Uraian asli dan riwayat sumber

Riwayat atau halaman sumber

Ringkasan sumber

Coprinopsis variegata, commonly known as the scaly ink cap or the feltscale inky cap, is a species of fungus in the family Psathyrellaceae. Coprinus ebulbosus and Coprinus quadrifidus are names assigned by Charles Horton Peck to what he believed were species distinct from C. variegata; they were later shown to represent the same species, and are now synonyms. It has a medium-sized, bell-shaped to flattened cap up to 7.5 cm in diameter, with felt-like, patchy scales. The gills, initially white, turn black in maturity and eventually dissolve into a black "ink".

Revisi sumber

Morfologi sumber

The cap of C. variegata is thin, initially oval-shaped then bell-shaped, and then flattened with the margin turned upward; it reaches diameters of up to 12 in. When young, the surface of the cap is covered with a woolly whitish or yellowish veil that breaks up into short-lived flakes or scales; this process reveals the radially striate (grooved) gray to grayish-brown cap surface. The gills are broad, thin, crowded closely together, and free from attachment to the stem. They are initially white but turn to dark purplish-brown as the spores mature. The stem is 4 to 12 in and up to 1 cm thick, hollow, and whitish. It is roughly the same width throughout the length of the stem, and may have a wispy, cotton-like ring present near the base. Clusters of fruit bodies have a mass of rhizomorphs at the base called an ozonium. In deposit, the spores are dark brown. A light microscope may be used to reveal more features of the spores, including smooth surfaces, a dark brown color, an ellipsoid shape in face view and an egg shape in side view, and dimensions of 7.5–9.5 by 4–4.5 μm. The apex of the spore appears truncated because of the presence of a germ pore. The basidia (spore-bearing cells) are hyaline (translucent), with dimensions of 14–16 by 6.5–7.5 μm. The paraphyses are 9–11 by 8–10 μm, hyaline, and collapse readily. The pleurocystidia (cystidia present on the gill face) are abundant, roughly cylindrical, hyaline, and measure 100–150 by 20–35 μm. Cheilocystidia (cystidia on the edge of an gill) are present in young specimens, and are roughly ellipsoid, measuring 50–80 by 15–25 μm.

Revisi sumber

Ekologi sumber

The species is saprobic—deriving nutrients by decomposing and digesting organic matter—and grows in clusters or in groups on decaying leaf litter or well-decayed wood. It typically fruits in a narrow window from June to July; this spring and early summer fruiting distinguishes it from the more common Coprinus comatus and Coprinopsis atramentaria, which produce fruit bodies in late autumn. It is found in the United States, in areas east of the Great Plains. Coprinopsis variegata can attack soil bacteria, such as species of Pseudomonas and Agrobacterium, and use them as nutrient sources. The fungus achieves this by growing specialized hyphae in the direction of the bacteria, sensing them with some chemoattractive mechanism not yet fully understood. The fungus then secretes compounds to digest the bacteria while growing assimilative hyphae to absorb the nutrients. The process is relatively rapid, and bacterial colonies can be assimilated in less than 24 hours.

Revisi sumber

Struktur reproduksi sumber

The cap of C. variegata is thin, initially oval-shaped then bell-shaped, and then flattened with the margin turned upward; it reaches diameters of up to 12 in. When young, the surface of the cap is covered with a woolly whitish or yellowish veil that breaks up into short-lived flakes or scales; this process reveals the radially striate (grooved) gray to grayish-brown cap surface. The gills are broad, thin, crowded closely together, and free from attachment to the stem. They are initially white but turn to dark purplish-brown as the spores mature. The stem is 4 to 12 in and up to 1 cm thick, hollow, and whitish. It is roughly the same width throughout the length of the stem, and may have a wispy, cotton-like ring present near the base.

Revisi sumber

Rujukan halaman ini

Fungi. Coprinopsis variegata. Rilis data fungi-2026-10-12-expansion-2. https://fungi-atlas.mgadib.chatgpt.site/jamur/coprinopsis-variegata/.

Status: impor sumber; pemeriksaan editorial per profil belum selesai. Untuk klaim biologis, gunakan rujukan pada bagian terkait dan periksa konteks sumber aslinya.