Armillaria mellea

Ciri dan struktur

The basidiocarp of each has a smooth cap 3 to 15 cm in diameter, convex at first but becoming flattened with age often with a central raised umbo, later becoming somewhat dish-shaped. The margins of the cap are often arched at maturity and the surface is sticky when wet. Though typically honey-coloured, this fungus is rather variable in appearance and sometimes has a few dark, hairy scales near the centre somewhat radially arranged. The gills are white at first, sometimes becoming pinkish-yellow or discoloured with age, broad and fairly distant, attached to the stipe at right angles or are slightly decurrent. The flesh of the cap is whitish and has a sweetish odour and flavour with a tinge of bitterness. The stipe is 5-20 cm long and 0.5-3.5 cm in diameter. It is fibrillose and of a firm spongy consistency at first but later becomes hollow. It is cylindrical and tapers to a point at its base where it is fused to the stipes of other mushrooms in the clump. It is whitish at the upper end and brownish-yellow below, often with a very dark-coloured base. The main part of the fungus is underground where a mat of mycelial threads may extend for great distances. They are bundled together in rhizomorphs that are black in this species.

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Rujukan: [1]

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Habitat dan peran ekologis

Armillaria mellea is widespread in northern temperate zones. It has been found throughout North America, and in Europe and northern Asia. It has been introduced to South Africa. It grows parasitically on a large number of broadleaf trees. It fruits in dense clusters at the base of trunks or stumps. Armillaria mellea prefers moist soil and lower soil temperatures, as soil temperatures exceeding 79 °F (26 °C) can inhibit its growth. It is found in many kinds of landscapes, including gardens, parks, vineyards, tree production areas, and natural landscapes. and a few herbaceous plants. It is rare for basidiospores to be successful in infecting new hosts and often colonize woody debris instead, Additional signs include white, fan-shaped mycelia and black rhizomorphs with diameters between 1/32 and 1/8 in. The symptoms are much more numerous, including slower growth, dieback of branches, yellowing foliage, However, it is not quite clear whether such records in older sources refer to this honey mushroom species in its present more restricted delimitation, or to some other species of Armillaria or even related genera such as Desarmillaria. Armillaria mellea is capable of infecting hundreds of woody plant species, including trees, hedges, shrubs, and vines.

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Rujukan: [1]

Habitat atau konteks temuan

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Substrat

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Peran atau konteks

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Reproduksi

The basidiocarp of each has a smooth cap 3 to 15 cm in diameter, convex at first but becoming flattened with age often with a central raised umbo, later becoming somewhat dish-shaped. The margins of the cap are often arched at maturity and the surface is sticky when wet. Though typically honey-coloured, this fungus is rather variable in appearance and sometimes has a few dark, hairy scales near the centre somewhat radially arranged. The gills are white at first, sometimes becoming pinkish-yellow or discoloured with age, broad and fairly distant, attached to the stipe at right angles or are slightly decurrent. The flesh of the cap is whitish and has a sweetish odour and flavour with a tinge of bitterness.

Sebagian uraian ditampilkan dalam bahasa sumber; terjemahannya belum tersedia atau belum lolos pemeriksaan.

Rujukan: [1]

Catatan identitas dan cakupan

• Nama diterima mengikuti Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11; uraian mempertahankan konsep dan nama sumber aslinya.
• Original geographic, specimen and life-cycle scope retained; source import awaits individual editorial review.
• Impor dan terjemahan otomatis belum diperiksa editorial per profil. Struktur reproduktif yang disebutkan tidak membuktikan seluruh siklus hidup diketahui.
• Pengukuran pada uraian mengikuti spesimen, kultur, dan metode sumber; angka tidak diperluas ke semua populasi.

Melihat dengan konteks

Dokumentasi Armillaria mellea menurut asosiasi foto pada record takson iNaturalist. Kredit: Nathan Wilson. Identitas mengikuti sumber; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.

Jenis

Fotografi

Kredit

(c) Nathan Wilson, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)

Lisensi

CC BY-SA 4.0

Sumber media

Buka entri sumber

Gambar menunjukkan objek menurut identifikasi sumber, bukan verifikasi independen spesimen oleh Fungi. Tidak ada skala baru yang ditambahkan.

Dokumentasi tambahan

Sumber profil

1. [1] Armillaria mellea — Wikipedia (en)Bagian sumber: Frozen revision 1379821696
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
   Teks sumber: CC BY-SA4.0 · Wikipedia contributors
2. [2] Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11 — Armillaria melleaBagian sumber: ColDP NameUsage.tsv ID GSMV; accepted species; source 2073
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
3. [3] Dokumentasi visual — Armillaria melleaBagian sumber: Identitas mengikuti sumber dokumentasi; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-17
   Media sumber: CC BY-SA 4.0 · (c) Nathan Wilson, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)
4. [4] Dokumentasi visual — Armillaria melleaBagian sumber: Identitas mengikuti sumber dokumentasi; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-17
   Teks sumber: CC BY 4.0 · (c) Davide Puddu, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Davide Puddu
5. [5] Dokumentasi visual — Armillaria melleaBagian sumber: Identitas mengikuti sumber dokumentasi; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-17
   Teks sumber: CC BY 4.0 · (c) Davide Puddu, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Davide Puddu