01 / Morfologi

Ciri dan struktur

Verrucaria funckii has a light grey-green to grey-brown, somewhat gelatinous thallus that typically measures between 80–160 μm thick, though it can range from 20–240 μm. The surface of the thallus is generally smooth and uncracked, though rare specimens may display a few cracks. The cells within the thallus are arranged in distinctive vertical columns. At the edge of some specimens, a whitish (initial growth layer) may be visible, though it lacks a fringed () appearance and is sometimes absent entirely. In specimens where erosion has occurred, the exposed black basal layer along the thallus margins might be mistaken for a black prothallus. The reproductive structures (perithecia) of V. funckii are typically embedded within the thallus rather than prominently projecting from it. They form shallow, conical projections measuring 300–600 μm in diameter, though rarely these may be conical-hemispherical in shape. These structures are usually completely covered by the thallus material, with only the apex visible at the surface as a small grey dot, or occasionally exposed through abrasion as a small black disc. When examined in cross-section, the perithecia measure 180–390 μm in diameter and are colourless at the sides and base, often displaying a dilute brown colouration at the opening (ostiole). The protective outer covering of the perithecium () is well-developed, extending to the base of the thallus with distinctly conical shape. The sides of this structure are either straight or slightly concave, though sometimes they may be convex. At its base, the involucrellum often spreads widely and merges with the basal layer of the thallus when present.

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Rujukan: [1]

Pengukuran mengikuti objek, spesimen atau kultur, dan metode yang disebutkan sumber. Baca uraian asli untuk konteks lengkap.

02 / Kehidupan

Habitat dan peran ekologis

Verrucaria funckii occurs on inundated or submerged rocks (typically siliceous rocks) and pebbles in streams and lake shores. It is widespread in Europe, including Northern Europe and Iceland, central Europe including the Carpathian Mountains and the Alps, and southern Europe. It is also found in Asia and North America. In the British Isles, it is particularly common in northern and western regions on permanently or largely submerged siliceous rocks. Typical habitats include granite and slate stream beds, river systems, and lake shores.

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Rujukan: [1]

Habitat atau konteks temuan
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Substrat
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Peran atau konteks
Pembentuk liken
Temukan hubungan serupa
03 / Siklus hidup

Reproduksi

The reproductive structures (perithecia) of V. funckii are typically embedded within the thallus rather than prominently projecting from it. They form shallow, conical projections measuring 300–600 μm in diameter, though rarely these may be conical-hemispherical in shape. These structures are usually completely covered by the thallus material, with only the apex visible at the surface as a small grey dot, or occasionally exposed through abrasion as a small black disc. When examined in cross-section, the perithecia measure 180–390 μm in diameter and are colourless at the sides and base, often displaying a dilute brown colouration at the opening (ostiole). The spore-containing sacs (asci) within the perithecia produce ellipsoidal to narrowly ellipsoidal spores () measuring about 22.5–25.5 by 9–11 μm, though they can range from 19.5–28.5 by 8–13 μm.

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Rujukan: [1]

Sinonim menurut acuan taksonomi rilis: Lithoicea funckii; Pyrenula funckii; Verrucaria collematodes f. funckii; Verrucaria degenerascens; Verrucaria elaeomelaena f. silicicola; Verrucaria nigrescens var. funckii; Verrucaria silicea; Verrucaria silicicola
04 / Batas informasi

Catatan identitas dan cakupan

  • Nama diterima mengikuti Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11; uraian mempertahankan konsep dan nama sumber aslinya.
  • Original geographic, specimen and life-cycle scope retained; source import awaits individual editorial review.
  • Impor dan terjemahan otomatis belum diperiksa editorial per profil. Struktur reproduktif yang disebutkan tidak membuktikan seluruh siklus hidup diketahui.
  • Pengukuran pada uraian mengikuti spesimen, kultur, dan metode sumber; angka tidak diperluas ke semua populasi.

Catatan distribusi dalam narasi mengikuti sumbernya. Dokumentasi spesimen atau foto mengikuti catatan sumber. Bukti wilayah Indonesia dan penilaian konservasi tidak disimpulkan dari gambar.

05 / Dokumentasi

Melihat dengan konteks

Dokumentasi Verrucaria funckii dari Wikimedia Commons. The crustose, semi-aquatic rock-dwelling lichen Verrucaria funckii on submerged quartzite. Collected from Meadow Lake, Lemhi Mountains, Salmon-Challis National Forest, Lemhi Co., Idaho, USA, at an elevation of 2810 m. See Mushroom Observer page for more extensive collection notes. Identifikasi mengikuti record berkas sumber.

Jenis
Fotografi
Kredit
Jason Hollinger
Sumber media
Buka entri sumber

Gambar menunjukkan objek menurut identifikasi sumber, bukan verifikasi independen spesimen oleh Fungi. Tidak ada skala baru yang ditambahkan.

06 / Rujukan

Sumber profil

  1. [1] Verrucaria funckii — Wikipedia (en)Bagian sumber: Frozen revision 1288938824
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
    Teks sumber: CC BY-SA4.0 · Wikipedia contributors
  2. [2] Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11 — Verrucaria funckiiBagian sumber: ColDP NameUsage.tsv ID 5B839; accepted species; source 2073
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
  3. [3] Dokumentasi visual — Verrucaria funckiiBagian sumber: Individual media record; identification follows the source, not independent determination
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
    Media sumber: CC BY-SA 3.0 · Jason Hollinger

Adaptasi teks: CC BY-SA 4.0. Wikipedia contributors — Verrucaria funckii — Wikipedia (en)

Uraian asli dan riwayat sumber

Riwayat atau halaman sumber

Ringkasan sumber

Verrucaria funckii is a species of crustose lichen in the family Verrucariaceae. It grows on rocks in aquatic environments. First described as a new species in 1826 and named after the German botanist Heinrich Christian Funck, it features a light grey-green to grey-brown, somewhat gelatinous thallus. Its reproductive structures are typically embedded within the body rather than projecting from it. The species is widespread throughout Europe, particularly in northern and western regions, as well as parts of Asia and North America, where it inhabits permanently or largely submerged siliceous rocks in streams, rivers, and lake shores.

Revisi sumber

Morfologi sumber

Verrucaria funckii has a light grey-green to grey-brown, somewhat gelatinous thallus that typically measures between 80–160 μm thick, though it can range from 20–240 μm. The surface of the thallus is generally smooth and uncracked, though rare specimens may display a few cracks. The cells within the thallus are arranged in distinctive vertical columns. At the edge of some specimens, a whitish (initial growth layer) may be visible, though it lacks a fringed () appearance and is sometimes absent entirely. In specimens where erosion has occurred, the exposed black basal layer along the thallus margins might be mistaken for a black prothallus. The reproductive structures (perithecia) of V. funckii are typically embedded within the thallus rather than prominently projecting from it. They form shallow, conical projections measuring 300–600 μm in diameter, though rarely these may be conical-hemispherical in shape. These structures are usually completely covered by the thallus material, with only the apex visible at the surface as a small grey dot, or occasionally exposed through abrasion as a small black disc. When examined in cross-section, the perithecia measure 180–390 μm in diameter and are colourless at the sides and base, often displaying a dilute brown colouration at the opening (ostiole). The protective outer covering of the perithecium () is well-developed, extending to the base of the thallus with distinctly conical shape. The sides of this structure are either straight or slightly concave, though sometimes they may be convex. At its base, the involucrellum often spreads widely and merges with the basal layer of the thallus when present.

Revisi sumber

Ekologi sumber

Verrucaria funckii occurs on inundated or submerged rocks (typically siliceous rocks) and pebbles in streams and lake shores. It is widespread in Europe, including Northern Europe and Iceland, central Europe including the Carpathian Mountains and the Alps, and southern Europe. It is also found in Asia and North America. In the British Isles, it is particularly common in northern and western regions on permanently or largely submerged siliceous rocks. Typical habitats include granite and slate stream beds, river systems, and lake shores.

Revisi sumber

Struktur reproduksi sumber

The reproductive structures (perithecia) of V. funckii are typically embedded within the thallus rather than prominently projecting from it. They form shallow, conical projections measuring 300–600 μm in diameter, though rarely these may be conical-hemispherical in shape. These structures are usually completely covered by the thallus material, with only the apex visible at the surface as a small grey dot, or occasionally exposed through abrasion as a small black disc. When examined in cross-section, the perithecia measure 180–390 μm in diameter and are colourless at the sides and base, often displaying a dilute brown colouration at the opening (ostiole). The spore-containing sacs (asci) within the perithecia produce ellipsoidal to narrowly ellipsoidal spores () measuring about 22.5–25.5 by 9–11 μm, though they can range from 19.5–28.5 by 8–13 μm.

Revisi sumber

Rujukan halaman ini

Fungi. Verrucaria funckii. Rilis data fungi-2026-10-12-expansion-2. https://fungi-atlas.mgadib.chatgpt.site/jamur/verrucaria-funckii/.

Status: impor sumber; pemeriksaan editorial per profil belum selesai. Untuk klaim biologis, gunakan rujukan pada bagian terkait dan periksa konteks sumber aslinya.