Biatora alnetorum

Ciri dan struktur

Similar to Biatora pallens (Kullh.) Printzen in having 3-septate ascospores and crystals in the exciple, but differs from that species primarily by the sorediate thallus, the production of atranorin in the thallus and proper exciple and in sometimes producing up to 7-septate ascospores. Thallus crustose, thin, continuous, finely cracked, whitish, forming ± convex pustules from which soralia develop. Pustules greenish (with no hint of yellow; pale grey in the herbarium), glossy, mostly discrete, firm, rounded or rarely ± ellipsoid in outline, 0.08–0.32 mm diam. when rounded and 0.12–0.60 × 0.10–0.36 mm diam. when ellipsoid. Soralia forming by disintegration of pustules into convex aggregations of yellowish grass-green (pale straw in the herbarium) and loosely arranged soredia, finally eroding into ± empty and shallow pits. Soredia mostly ellipsoid, rarely globose, strikingly similar in shape and size, firm (not easily disintegrating in squash preparations), 22–47–79 µm long (s = 14, n = 30) and 19–32–46 µm wide (s = 8, n = 30). Prothallus lacking. Photobiont unicellular, chlorococcoid, globose to (irregularly) ellipsoid, 7.5–12.5 µm long. Apothecia absent or sparse, sometimes abundant, biatorine, 0.3–0.5–0.9 mm diam. (s = 0.1, n = 50), at first flat, later moderately convex, epruinose or thinly pruinose on edge. Disc pale pink (or pale yellowish with age in the herbarium). Margin pale pink to almost white, concolorous with disc or slightly paler, thick, distinct, raised above disc in young apothecia, soon level with the disc, persistent. Proper exciple laterally 54–68 µm thick, with abundant minute crystals (< 1 µm diam.) that are soluble in KOH, colourless or diffusely pale orange-yellow, prosoplechtenchymatous, composed of radiating hyphae that branch in the inner but not outer part of the exciple, with gelatinised cell walls; cell lumina narrowly cylindrical, 0.7–0.8 µm wide (swelling in KOH); terminal cells not swollen or moderately swollen to 2 µm.

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Habitat dan peran ekologis

Biatora alnetorum is known from the Pacific Northwest of North America in Washington and Alaska (U.S.A.) and British Columbia (Canada). Its vertical distribution ranges from 620 to 1450 m a.s.l. It occurs in openings in humid old-growth coniferous forest and Alnus woodlands and in the alpine scrub zone. B. alnetorum inhabits smooth bark of trunks or, occasionally, branches. The phorophyte is almost exclusively Alnus alnobetula subsp. sinuata (also known as Alnus viridis subsp. sinuata), except for a single record on Alnus rubra. Other lichens occurring together with B. alnetorum include (on Alnus alnobetula) Caloplaca sorocarpa (Vain.) Zahlbr., Biatora flavopunctata (Tønsberg) Hinter. & Printzen, B. toensbergii Holien & Printzen, B. vacciniicola (Tønsberg) Printzen and Pertusaria carneopallida (Nyl.) Anzi ex Nyl. and (on Alnus rubra) Parmeliopsis hyperopta (Ach.) Arnold, Japewia subaurifera Muhr & Tønsberg, and Phlyctis speirea G. Merr.

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Habitat atau konteks temuan

hutan

Substrat

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Peran atau konteks

Pembentuk liken

Reproduksi

Similar to Biatora pallens (Kullh.) Printzen in having 3-septate ascospores and crystals in the exciple, but differs from that species primarily by the sorediate thallus, the production of atranorin in the thallus and proper exciple and in sometimes producing up to 7-septate ascospores. Thallus crustose, thin, continuous, finely cracked, whitish, forming ± convex pustules from which soralia develop. Pustules greenish (with no hint of yellow; pale grey in the herbarium), glossy, mostly discrete, firm, rounded or rarely ± ellipsoid in outline, 0.08–0.32 mm diam. when rounded and 0.12–0.60 × 0.10–0.36 mm diam. when ellipsoid. Soralia forming by disintegration of pustules into convex aggregations of yellowish grass-green (pale straw in the herbarium) and loosely arranged soredia, finally eroding into ± empty and shallow pits.

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Rujukan: [1]

Catatan identitas dan cakupan

• Nama diterima mengikuti Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11; uraian mempertahankan konsep dan nama sumber aslinya.
• Preserve original treatment localities, hosts and substrate scope. Materials examined describe documented specimens, not the full global range.
• Impor dan terjemahan otomatis belum diperiksa editorial per profil. Struktur reproduktif yang disebutkan tidak membuktikan seluruh siklus hidup diketahui.
• Pengukuran pada uraian mengikuti spesimen, kultur, dan metode sumber; angka tidak diperluas ke semua populasi.

Melihat dengan konteks

Morphology of Biatora alnetorum. A Habit of lichen thallus with apothecia and soralia in herbarium specimen from 1999 (Tønsberg 27500, BG) B, C section through apothecium (Tønsberg 24077, BG), B showing pigmentation in bright-field illumination and C showing crystals in the proper exciple in cross-polarised light D thallus with soralia in herbarium specimen from 2000 (Tønsberg 28771a, BG) E soralium with soredia in cross-polarised light (Tønsberg 28771a, BG). Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A), 100 µm (B, C), 0.5 mm (D), 50 µm (E).

Jenis

Pelat ilmiah

Kredit

Stefan Ekman, Tor Tønsberg

Lisensi

CC BY 4.0

Sumber media

Buka entri sumber

Gambar menunjukkan objek menurut identifikasi sumber, bukan verifikasi independen spesimen oleh Fungi. Tidak ada skala baru yang ditambahkan.

Dokumentasi tambahan

Sumber profil

1. [1] Biatora alnetorum (Ramalinaceae, Lecanorales), a new lichen species from western North America — Biatora alnetorumBagian sumber: PMC6414471_section_4
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
   Teks sumber: CC BY 4.0 · Ekman S, Tønsberg T.
2. [2] Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11 — Biatora alnetorumBagian sumber: ColDP NameUsage.tsv ID LQGC; accepted species; source 2073
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
3. [3] Dokumentasi visual — Biatora alnetorumBagian sumber: Identitas mengikuti sumber dokumentasi; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-17
   Media sumber: CC BY 4.0 · Stefan Ekman, Tor Tønsberg
4. [4] Dokumentasi visual — Biatora alnetorumBagian sumber: Identitas mengikuti sumber dokumentasi; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-17
   Teks sumber: CC BY 4.0 · Stefan Ekman, Tor Tønsberg