01 / Morfologi

Ciri dan struktur

The cap is 1–5 cm across, obtusely conic then becoming campanulate, and grayish brown. The gills are adnate to adnexed, close to crowded, one or two tiers of intermediate gills, pale gray, acquiring a mottled, blackish appearance in age, with whitish edges. The spore print is black. The stipe is 6–12 cm by 2–4 mm, gray-brown to reddish brown, darker where handled, paler toward the apex, brittle, fibrous, and pruinose. The odor is mild and the taste unappetizing. The spores are 12–18 x 7–10 μm, elliptical, smooth, with an apical pore. Basidia 4-sterigmate; abruptly clavate. Cheilocystidia abundant; subcylindric, often subcapitate or capitate.

Sebagian uraian ditampilkan dalam bahasa sumber; terjemahannya belum tersedia atau belum lolos pemeriksaan.

Rujukan: [1]

Pengukuran mengikuti objek, spesimen atau kultur, dan metode yang disebutkan sumber. Baca uraian asli untuk konteks lengkap.

02 / Kehidupan

Habitat dan peran ekologis

Occurring singly, secara bergaul, atau secara caespitosis pada pupuk sapi/kuda, kotoran rusa, dan di padang rumput. Widely distributed di Utara America throughout tahun, tetapi hanya di iklim yang lebih hangat di musim dingin. Hal ini dapat ditemukan di negara-negara termasuk Kanada (Alberta, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Missouri, Montana, New Mexico, New York, Oklahoma, Texas, Washington), Karibia (Bahama, Kuba, Pulau San Vincent), Chili, Kolombia, Uruguay, Prancis, Belanda, Yunani, Meksiko, Norwegia, Slovenia, Afrika Selatan, Uganda, China, Iran, Lithuania, Kuwait, dan Filipina.

Rujukan: [1]

Habitat atau konteks temuan
Informasi belum tersedia pada sumber rilis ini.
Substrat
Informasi belum tersedia pada sumber rilis ini.
Peran atau konteks
Belum dikategorikan pada rilis ini.
Temukan hubungan serupa
03 / Siklus hidup

Reproduksi

The gills are adnate to adnexed, close to crowded, one or two tiers of intermediate gills, pale gray, acquiring a mottled, blackish appearance in age, with whitish edges. The spore print is black. The spores are 12–18 x 7–10 μm, elliptical, smooth, with an apical pore. Basidia 4-sterigmate; abruptly clavate. Cheilocystidia abundant; subcylindric, often subcapitate or capitate.

Sebagian uraian ditampilkan dalam bahasa sumber; terjemahannya belum tersedia atau belum lolos pemeriksaan.

Rujukan: [1]

Sinonim menurut acuan taksonomi rilis: Agaricus campanulatus; Agaricus equinus; Agaricus papilionaceus; Agaricus papilionaceus stillaris; Agaricus papilionaceus var. equinus; Agaricus papilionaceus var. major; Agaricus retirugis; Agaricus retirugis var. elongatus; Agaricus sphinctrinus; Amanita campanulata; Campanularius campanulatus; Chalymmota campanulata; Chalymmota papilionacea; Chalymmota retirugis; Chalymmota sphinctrina; Copelandia papilionacea; Coprinarius campanulatus; Coprinarius campanulatus var. retirugis; Coprinarius campanulatus var. sphinctrinus; Coprinarius papilionaceus; Coprinus papilionaceus; Galerula campanulata; Panaeolus campanulatus; Panaeolus campanulatus var. ealaensis; Panaeolus campanulatus var. elatior; Panaeolus campanulatus var. retirugis; Panaeolus campanulatus var. sphinctrinus; Panaeolus campanulatus var. stillaris; Panaeolus papilionaceus var. capitatocystis; Panaeolus papilionaceus var. microsporus; Panaeolus papilionaceus var. parvisporus; Panaeolus papilionaceus var. retirugis; Panaeolus retirugis; Panaeolus retirugis var. elongatus; Panaeolus sphinctrinus; Psilocybe campanulata
04 / Batas informasi

Catatan identitas dan cakupan

  • Nama diterima mengikuti Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11; uraian mempertahankan konsep dan nama sumber aslinya.
  • Original geographic, specimen and life-cycle scope retained; source import awaits individual editorial review.
  • Impor dan terjemahan otomatis belum diperiksa editorial per profil. Struktur reproduktif yang disebutkan tidak membuktikan seluruh siklus hidup diketahui.
  • Pengukuran pada uraian mengikuti spesimen, kultur, dan metode sumber; angka tidak diperluas ke semua populasi.

Catatan distribusi dalam narasi mengikuti sumbernya. Dokumentasi spesimen atau foto mengikuti catatan sumber. Bukti wilayah Indonesia dan penilaian konservasi tidak disimpulkan dari gambar.

05 / Dokumentasi

Melihat dengan konteks

Dokumentasi Panaeolus papilionaceus menurut asosiasi foto pada record takson iNaturalist. Kredit: Mandy Hackney. Identitas mengikuti sumber; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.

Jenis
Fotografi
Kredit
(c) Mandy Hackney, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Mandy Hackney
Lisensi
CC BY 4.0
Sumber media
Buka entri sumber

Gambar menunjukkan objek menurut identifikasi sumber, bukan verifikasi independen spesimen oleh Fungi. Tidak ada skala baru yang ditambahkan.

Dokumentasi tambahan

Pelat ilmiah Panaeolus papilionaceus menurut sumber

Panaeolus papilionaceus. a–f basidiomes in the field; g basidiospores; h pileocystidia; i basidia; j caulocystidia; k cheilocystidia. Scale bars: 10 μm (g, h); 20 μm (i, j, k).

Pelat ilmiah · Sumber gambar · CC BY 4.0

Kredit dan penggunaan

Mao-Qiang He, Wen-Qiang Yang, Dorji Phurbu, Fei Liu, Jia-Xin Li, Bin Cao, Rui-Lin Zhao

Ukuran dan format gambar disesuaikan tanpa pemotongan, retus, atau penambahan skala. Lisensi sumber dipertahankan.

06 / Rujukan

Sumber profil

  1. [1] Panaeolus papilionaceus — Wikipedia (en)Bagian sumber: Frozen revision 1335071341
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
    Teks sumber: CC BY-SA4.0 · Wikipedia contributors
  2. [2] Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11 — Panaeolus papilionaceusBagian sumber: ColDP NameUsage.tsv ID 4C969; accepted species; source 2073
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
  3. [3] Dokumentasi visual — Panaeolus papilionaceusBagian sumber: Identitas mengikuti sumber dokumentasi; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-17
    Media sumber: CC BY 4.0 · (c) Mandy Hackney, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Mandy Hackney
  4. [4] Dokumentasi visual — Panaeolus papilionaceusBagian sumber: Identitas mengikuti sumber dokumentasi; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-17
    Teks sumber: CC BY 4.0 · Mao-Qiang He, Wen-Qiang Yang, Dorji Phurbu, Fei Liu, Jia-Xin Li, Bin Cao, Rui-Lin Zhao

Adaptasi teks: CC BY-SA 4.0. Wikipedia contributors — Panaeolus papilionaceus — Wikipedia (en)

Uraian asli dan riwayat sumber

Riwayat atau halaman sumber

Ringkasan sumber

Panaeolus papilionaceus, commonly known as the bell-capped mottlegill or Petticoat mottlegill, is a very common and widely distributed small brown mushroom that feeds on dung. This mushroom is the type species for the genus Panaeolus.

Revisi sumber

Morfologi sumber

The cap is 1–5 cm across, obtusely conic then becoming campanulate, and grayish brown. The gills are adnate to adnexed, close to crowded, one or two tiers of intermediate gills, pale gray, acquiring a mottled, blackish appearance in age, with whitish edges. The spore print is black. The stipe is 6–12 cm by 2–4 mm, gray-brown to reddish brown, darker where handled, paler toward the apex, brittle, fibrous, and pruinose. The odor is mild and the taste unappetizing. The spores are 12–18 x 7–10 μm, elliptical, smooth, with an apical pore. Basidia 4-sterigmate; abruptly clavate. Cheilocystidia abundant; subcylindric, often subcapitate or capitate.

Revisi sumber

Ekologi sumber

Occurring singly, gregariously, or caespitosely on cow/horse dung, moose droppings, and in pastures. Widely distributed in North America throughout the year, but only in warmer climates in winter. It can be found in countries including Canada (Alberta, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Missouri, Montana, New Mexico, New York, Oklahoma, Texas, Washington), the Caribbean (Bahamas, Cuba, San Vincent Island), Chile, Colombia, Uruguay, France, The Netherlands, Greece, Mexico, Norway, Slovenia, South Africa, Uganda, China, Iran, Lithuania, Kuwait, and the Philippines.

Revisi sumber

Struktur reproduksi sumber

The gills are adnate to adnexed, close to crowded, one or two tiers of intermediate gills, pale gray, acquiring a mottled, blackish appearance in age, with whitish edges. The spore print is black. The spores are 12–18 x 7–10 μm, elliptical, smooth, with an apical pore. Basidia 4-sterigmate; abruptly clavate. Cheilocystidia abundant; subcylindric, often subcapitate or capitate.

Revisi sumber

Rujukan halaman ini

Fungi. Panaeolus papilionaceus. Rilis data fungi-2026-10-12-expansion-2. https://fungi-atlas.mgadib.chatgpt.site/jamur/panaeolus-papilionaceus/.

Status: impor sumber; pemeriksaan editorial per profil belum selesai. Untuk klaim biologis, gunakan rujukan pada bagian terkait dan periksa konteks sumber aslinya.