Peltigera castanea

Ciri dan struktur

Peltigera castanea can be differentiated from other species within its genus by several distinctive features of its thallus, a term which refers to the body of the lichen. The thallus of Peltigera castanea is foliose, meaning it is leaf-like and loosely attached to its , covering areas up to 6 – 8 cm across, although individuals up to 30 cm have been recorded. The individual comprising the thallus are stiff, fragile, and not much longer than they are wide, with a strong concavity or sometimes flat appearance, featuring loosely overlapping and irregularly branched patterns. They are generally 1.5 – 3 cm in diameter. The tips of the lobes are rounded and tend to curl upwards. The upper surface of the thallus is notable for its dark chestnut-brown colour, which becomes a pale bluish grey when sheltered. The surface is more or less shiny and smooth except for being tomentose (covered with short, soft hairs) near the lobe tips. This surface is also characterised by the presence of soredia—granular reproductive structures that help in vegetative reproduction—found in rounded to irregularly shaped soralia (structures that house the soredia). The lower surface of the lichen is densely , gradually shifting from white at the edges to brown or black near the centre. The rhizines (root-like structures underneath the lichen) are abundant, tufted, and become flocculent (woolly) towards the centre of the thallus, matching the colour of the veins. They are up to about 1 cm long, and although usually unbranched, they are often split at the tips. In contrast, closely related species such as Peltigera praetextata have a smoother, more uniformly grey thallus with less prominent veining on the lower surface and a lack of strong colour contrast.

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Rujukan: [1]

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Habitat dan peran ekologis

Peltigera castanea predominantly inhabits mountainous forests and alpine heaths, typically growing in open, south-facing outcrops with ideal microclimate conditions. It is often found growing on xerophytic moss mats, suggesting an affinity for drier, well-drained habitats. It has also been recorded growing directly on soil, rotten logs, or on soil or moss on top of rock. In Estonian alvar communities, it is commonly found with mosses such as Abietinella abietina, Bryum argentatum, Ceratodon purpureus, and Tortula ruralis, sharing its habitat with several rare, ground-dwelling lichens of arcto-alpine distribution. Originally known only from northwestern North America, Peltigera castaneas range includes terricolous and muscicolous growth on rock outcrops from Alaska's Chilkoot Trail to Glacier Bay, extending east to the Yukon and south to Alberta's Rocky Mountains. It tends to become rare in the southern parts of its North American distribution. Subsequent research has revealed its presence as far northeast as Greenland and even the Antarctic Peninsula, marking the species' adaptability to a wide range of cold environments. It also occurs in Russia and Estonia. In 2023, the species was documented in Mount Xiaowutai, Hebei, China, and its 2020 discovery on James Ross Island in the Antarctic Peninsula marked the first record of the lichen in the Southern Hemisphere.

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Rujukan: [1]

Habitat atau konteks temuan

hutan

Substrat

tanah

Peran atau konteks

Pembentuk liken

Reproduksi

The upper surface of the thallus is notable for its dark chestnut-brown colour, which becomes a pale bluish grey when sheltered. The surface is more or less shiny and smooth except for being tomentose (covered with short, soft hairs) near the lobe tips. This surface is also characterised by the presence of soredia—granular reproductive structures that help in vegetative reproduction—found in rounded to irregularly shaped soralia (structures that house the soredia). The absence of apothecia (fruiting bodies) and the presence of frequent, marginal pycnidia (structures that produce asexual spores) containing ellipsoid (asexual spores) further help in distinguishing Peltigera castanea from its congeners.

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Rujukan: [1]

Catatan identitas dan cakupan

• Nama diterima mengikuti Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11; uraian mempertahankan konsep dan nama sumber aslinya.
• Original geographic, specimen and life-cycle scope retained; source import awaits individual editorial review.
• Impor dan terjemahan otomatis belum diperiksa editorial per profil. Struktur reproduktif yang disebutkan tidak membuktikan seluruh siklus hidup diketahui.
• Pengukuran pada uraian mengikuti spesimen, kultur, dan metode sumber; angka tidak diperluas ke semua populasi.

Melihat dengan konteks

Dokumentasi Peltigera castanea dari Wikimedia Commons. For more information about this, see the observation page at Mushroom Observer. Identifikasi mengikuti record berkas sumber.

Jenis

Fotografi

Kredit

This image was created by user Jason Hollinger (jason) at Mushroom Observer , a source for mycological images. You can contact this user here .

Lisensi

CC BY-SA 3.0

Sumber media

Buka entri sumber

Gambar menunjukkan objek menurut identifikasi sumber, bukan verifikasi independen spesimen oleh Fungi. Tidak ada skala baru yang ditambahkan.

Sumber profil

1. [1] Peltigera castanea — Wikipedia (en)Bagian sumber: Frozen revision 1374839858
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
   Teks sumber: CC BY-SA4.0 · Wikipedia contributors
2. [2] Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11 — Peltigera castaneaBagian sumber: ColDP NameUsage.tsv ID 76F8X; accepted species; source 2073
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
3. [3] Dokumentasi visual — Peltigera castaneaBagian sumber: Individual media record; identification follows the source, not independent determination
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
   Media sumber: CC BY-SA 3.0 · This image was created by user Jason Hollinger (jason) at Mushroom Observer , a source for mycological images. You can contact this user here .