01 / Morfologi

Ciri dan struktur

Penicillium verrucosum is found to be slow-growing: it achieves between 15 mm and 25 mm of growth in diameter on both Czapek Yeast Agar (CYA) and Malt Extract Agar (MEA) after seven days. P. verrucosum has a white mycelium and greyish-green to dull green conidia on the aforementioned media. The reverse is coloured yellow brown to deep brown on CYA and dull brown to olive on MEA. Other varieties of P. verrucosum can have differently coloured conidia, including the colours dark green and blue-green. This fungus has a greater number of conidia growth on CYA than MEA. The conidia are smooth-walled and approximately 2.5 μm to 3.0 μm in diameter. These conidia begin in an ellipsoidal shape when young, and later change to a globose or subglobose shape. P. verrucosum possesses conidiophores which are usually two-stage branched (sometimes three-stage branched), giving it a brush-like appearance. The conidiophores of P. verrucosum are rough-walled with branches and metulae that are pressed closely together. The phialides of the conidiophore are short and flask-shaped with distinct necks. Penicillium verrucosum has a distinctive odour which is described as earthy and pungent.

Sebagian uraian ditampilkan dalam bahasa sumber; terjemahannya belum tersedia atau belum lolos pemeriksaan.

Rujukan: [1]

Pengukuran mengikuti objek, spesimen atau kultur, dan metode yang disebutkan sumber. Baca uraian asli untuk konteks lengkap.

02 / Kehidupan

Habitat dan peran ekologis

Penicillium verrucosum is found in temperate and cooler climates. It is found predominantly in northern Europe, including countries such as Scandinavia, Ukraine, Denmark, Sweden, United Kingdom, Yugoslavia, Italy, and Turkey, certain parts of North America, such as Canada, and parts of South America. P. verrucosum grows on grains, seeds and decaying vegetation. It is widely distributed in food (such as cereal) and animal feed where grains (usually barley, wheat and rye) are a key ingredient.

Sebagian uraian ditampilkan dalam bahasa sumber; terjemahannya belum tersedia atau belum lolos pemeriksaan.

Rujukan: [1]

Habitat atau konteks temuan
Informasi belum tersedia pada sumber rilis ini.
Substrat
Informasi belum tersedia pada sumber rilis ini.
Peran atau konteks
Belum dikategorikan pada rilis ini.
Temukan hubungan serupa
03 / Siklus hidup

Reproduksi

Penicillium verrucosum is found to be slow-growing: it achieves between 15 mm and 25 mm of growth in diameter on both Czapek Yeast Agar (CYA) and Malt Extract Agar (MEA) after seven days. P. verrucosum has a white mycelium and greyish-green to dull green conidia on the aforementioned media. The reverse is coloured yellow brown to deep brown on CYA and dull brown to olive on MEA. Other varieties of P. verrucosum can have differently coloured conidia, including the colours dark green and blue-green. This fungus has a greater number of conidia growth on CYA than MEA. The conidia are smooth-walled and approximately 2.5 μm to 3.0 μm in diameter. These conidia begin in an ellipsoidal shape when young, and later change to a globose or subglobose shape.

Sebagian uraian ditampilkan dalam bahasa sumber; terjemahannya belum tersedia atau belum lolos pemeriksaan.

Rujukan: [1]

Sinonim menurut acuan taksonomi rilis: Penicillium casei; Penicillium gerundense
04 / Batas informasi

Catatan identitas dan cakupan

  • Nama diterima mengikuti Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11; uraian mempertahankan konsep dan nama sumber aslinya.
  • Original geographic, specimen and life-cycle scope retained; source import awaits individual editorial review.
  • Impor dan terjemahan otomatis belum diperiksa editorial per profil. Struktur reproduktif yang disebutkan tidak membuktikan seluruh siklus hidup diketahui.
  • Pengukuran pada uraian mengikuti spesimen, kultur, dan metode sumber; angka tidak diperluas ke semua populasi.

Catatan distribusi dalam narasi mengikuti sumbernya. Dokumentasi spesimen atau foto mengikuti catatan sumber. Bukti wilayah Indonesia dan penilaian konservasi tidak disimpulkan dari gambar.

05 / Dokumentasi

Melihat dengan konteks

Ilustrasi skematis garis luar konidium matang (varian globose) Penicillium verrucosum, berdasarkan uraian sumber; ukuran yang dilaporkan 2,5–3 µm. Proporsi disederhanakan, bukan salinan satu spesimen. Ornamen permukaan, warna, sekat, dan isi sel tidak direkonstruksi. Varian konidium matang berbentuk bulat, berdiameter sekitar 2,5–3,0 µm. Konidium muda yang elipsoid dan varian hampir bulat tidak ditampilkan. Ornamen, warna, sekat, dan isi sel tidak digambar. Skema edukasi, bukan alat identifikasi.

Jenis
Ilustrasi skematis
Kredit
Fungi, ilustrasi orisinal (2026); fakta morfologi berdasarkan Wikipedia contributors
Sumber media
Buka entri sumber

Gambar menunjukkan objek menurut identifikasi sumber, bukan verifikasi independen spesimen oleh Fungi. Tidak ada skala baru yang ditambahkan.

06 / Rujukan

Sumber profil

  1. [1] Penicillium verrucosum — Wikipedia (en)Bagian sumber: Frozen revision 1370938594
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
    Media sumber: CC BY-SA4.0 · Wikipedia contributors
  2. [2] Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11 — Penicillium verrucosumBagian sumber: ColDP NameUsage.tsv ID 76J5Q; accepted species; source 2073
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12

Adaptasi teks: CC BY-SA 4.0. Wikipedia contributors — Penicillium verrucosum — Wikipedia (en)

Uraian asli dan riwayat sumber

Riwayat atau halaman sumber

Ringkasan sumber

Penicillium verrucosum is a psychrophilic fungus which was discovered in Belgium and introduced by Dierckx in 1901. Six varieties of this species have been recognized based primarily on differences in colony colour: P. verrucosum var. album, P. verrucosum var. corymbiferum, P. verrucosum var. cyclopium, P. verrucosum var. ochraceum, P. verrucosum var. melanochlorum and P. verrucosum var. verrucosum. This fungus has important implications in food, specifically for grains and other cereal crops on which it grows.

Revisi sumber

Morfologi sumber

Penicillium verrucosum is found to be slow-growing: it achieves between 15 mm and 25 mm of growth in diameter on both Czapek Yeast Agar (CYA) and Malt Extract Agar (MEA) after seven days. P. verrucosum has a white mycelium and greyish-green to dull green conidia on the aforementioned media. The reverse is coloured yellow brown to deep brown on CYA and dull brown to olive on MEA. Other varieties of P. verrucosum can have differently coloured conidia, including the colours dark green and blue-green. This fungus has a greater number of conidia growth on CYA than MEA. The conidia are smooth-walled and approximately 2.5 μm to 3.0 μm in diameter. These conidia begin in an ellipsoidal shape when young, and later change to a globose or subglobose shape. P. verrucosum possesses conidiophores which are usually two-stage branched (sometimes three-stage branched), giving it a brush-like appearance. The conidiophores of P. verrucosum are rough-walled with branches and metulae that are pressed closely together. The phialides of the conidiophore are short and flask-shaped with distinct necks. Penicillium verrucosum has a distinctive odour which is described as earthy and pungent.

Revisi sumber

Ekologi sumber

Penicillium verrucosum is found in temperate and cooler climates. It is found predominantly in northern Europe, including countries such as Scandinavia, Ukraine, Denmark, Sweden, United Kingdom, Yugoslavia, Italy, and Turkey, certain parts of North America, such as Canada, and parts of South America. P. verrucosum grows on grains, seeds and decaying vegetation. It is widely distributed in food (such as cereal) and animal feed where grains (usually barley, wheat and rye) are a key ingredient.

Revisi sumber

Struktur reproduksi sumber

Penicillium verrucosum is found to be slow-growing: it achieves between 15 mm and 25 mm of growth in diameter on both Czapek Yeast Agar (CYA) and Malt Extract Agar (MEA) after seven days. P. verrucosum has a white mycelium and greyish-green to dull green conidia on the aforementioned media. The reverse is coloured yellow brown to deep brown on CYA and dull brown to olive on MEA. Other varieties of P. verrucosum can have differently coloured conidia, including the colours dark green and blue-green. This fungus has a greater number of conidia growth on CYA than MEA. The conidia are smooth-walled and approximately 2.5 μm to 3.0 μm in diameter. These conidia begin in an ellipsoidal shape when young, and later change to a globose or subglobose shape.

Revisi sumber

Rujukan halaman ini

Fungi. Penicillium verrucosum. Rilis data fungi-2026-10-12-expansion-2. https://fungi-atlas.mgadib.chatgpt.site/jamur/penicillium-verrucosum/.

Status: impor sumber; pemeriksaan editorial per profil belum selesai. Untuk klaim biologis, gunakan rujukan pada bagian terkait dan periksa konteks sumber aslinya.