Rhizocarpon badioatrum

Ciri dan struktur

Rhizocarpon badioatrum spreads as a crust up to about 10 cm across. Its surface is broken into tile-like plates (), each no more than 2 mm wide. These plates are , medium- to dark-brown, often tinged pinkish or red-brown, and sit within a well-developed jet-black border of fungal tissue, the . The areoles are thick and mostly flat but can have scalloped edges; where they meet one another the thallus appears as a mosaic. Internally, the white fungal layer (the medulla) shows no iodine staining reaction (I–), and a drop of potassium hydroxide solution (the K test) may leave it unchanged or briefly yellow. Scattered between the areoles are the fruit-bodies (apothecia), black up to 1 mm in diameter that remain essentially flat. A narrow, dark wall called the surrounds each disc; in section the inner part looks red-brown and flashes purple-red with the K test. The very top layer of the disc (the ) is likewise red-brown and gives the same K-induced purple tint, sometimes releasing tiny red that dissolve in the reagent. Beneath this lies a clear spore-producing zone (the hymenium, about 110–120 μm tall) and a medium-brown foundation layer (the ), which shows no colour change with potassium hydroxide. Each club-shaped ascus produces eight ascospores; the mature spores measure 27–38 μm by 13–19 μm, are divided by a single cross-wall, and darken through blue-green to deep brown as they age. Para-phenylenediamine (the Pd test) is usually negative, though an orange flash or traces of stictic acid are occasionally detected.

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Rujukan: [1]

Pengukuran mengikuti objek, spesimen atau kultur, dan metode yang disebutkan sumber. Baca uraian asli untuk konteks lengkap.

Habitat dan peran ekologis

Rhizocarpon badioatrum occurs in Europe, Macaronesia, southern Africa, South-East Asia, Papua New Guinea, North America, Argentina and Antarctica. It is also found in Greenland. In Australia, it has been recorded from south-eastern Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, and the Australian Capital Territory.

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Rujukan: [1]

Habitat atau konteks temuan

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Substrat

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Peran atau konteks

Pembentuk liken

Reproduksi

Scattered between the areoles are the fruit-bodies (apothecia), black up to 1 mm in diameter that remain essentially flat. A narrow, dark wall called the surrounds each disc; in section the inner part looks red-brown and flashes purple-red with the K test. The very top layer of the disc (the ) is likewise red-brown and gives the same K-induced purple tint, sometimes releasing tiny red that dissolve in the reagent. Beneath this lies a clear spore-producing zone (the hymenium, about 110–120 μm tall) and a medium-brown foundation layer (the ), which shows no colour change with potassium hydroxide. Each club-shaped ascus produces eight ascospores; the mature spores measure 27–38 μm by 13–19 μm, are divided by a single cross-wall, and darken through blue-green to deep brown as they age.

Sebagian uraian ditampilkan dalam bahasa sumber; terjemahannya belum tersedia atau belum lolos pemeriksaan.

Rujukan: [1]

Catatan identitas dan cakupan

• Nama diterima mengikuti Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11; uraian mempertahankan konsep dan nama sumber aslinya.
• Original geographic, specimen and life-cycle scope retained; source import awaits individual editorial review.
• Impor dan terjemahan otomatis belum diperiksa editorial per profil. Struktur reproduktif yang disebutkan tidak membuktikan seluruh siklus hidup diketahui.
• Pengukuran pada uraian mengikuti spesimen, kultur, dan metode sumber; angka tidak diperluas ke semua populasi.

Melihat dengan konteks

Dokumentasi Rhizocarpon badioatrum dari Wikimedia Commons. For more information about this, see the observation page at Mushroom Observer. Identifikasi mengikuti record berkas sumber.

Jenis

Fotografi

Kredit

This image was created by user zaca at Mushroom Observer , a source for mycological images. You can contact this user here .

Lisensi

CC BY-SA 3.0

Sumber media

Buka entri sumber

Gambar menunjukkan objek menurut identifikasi sumber, bukan verifikasi independen spesimen oleh Fungi. Tidak ada skala baru yang ditambahkan.

Sumber profil

1. [1] Rhizocarpon badioatrum — Wikipedia (en)Bagian sumber: Frozen revision 1320875654
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
   Teks sumber: CC BY-SA4.0 · Wikipedia contributors
2. [2] Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11 — Rhizocarpon badioatrumBagian sumber: ColDP NameUsage.tsv ID 78V6V; accepted species; source 2073
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
3. [3] Dokumentasi visual — Rhizocarpon badioatrumBagian sumber: Individual media record; identification follows the source, not independent determination
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
   Media sumber: CC BY-SA 3.0 · This image was created by user zaca at Mushroom Observer , a source for mycological images. You can contact this user here .