Willeya diffractella

Ciri dan struktur

The thallus is crustose and —i.e., it forms a thin crust that breaks into small polygonal blocks—and ranges in color from yellowish to olive or medium brown. Its surface varies from finely cracked () to deeply cracked and blocky (-areolate) and can approach a "diffractellate" pattern; areoles may be contiguous or partly dispersed, and fertile are sometimes slightly larger than sterile ones. Cracks between areoles are often darkly pigmented, and overall thallus thickness is variable. The spore-bearing bodies (perithecia) are immersed within the areoles; the pore at the top (ostiole) may be inconspicuous or clearly raised and is typically 0.1–0.3 mm across. A comparative survey showed that much of this morphological spread occurs even within single thalli depending on light exposure and the inclination of the substrate, indicating ecological plasticity rather than hidden species. Internally, the thallus has a palisade algal layer and the is a stichococcoid green alga of the genus Diplosphaera. Perithecia have a dark (a sheath around the upper wall) that can flare laterally or wrap inwards toward the base of the . The excipulum is pale and sometimes darkened near the ostiole. Asci contain 6 to 8 hyaline, ascospores (colorless spores divided by many cross-walls into a brick-like pattern) measuring about 15–32 × 9–15 μm. Algal cells also occur among the spore-bearing tissues (the hymenium), a feature recorded for this species in modern treatments. In simple iodine solution the hymenial gel turns blue (I+), a reaction reported in regional floras. At the generic level, Willeya species characteristically possess a weakly developed upper layer (a ), and W. diffractella conforms to that pattern.

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Rujukan: [1]

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Habitat dan peran ekologis

Willeya diffractella occurs on both calcareous rocks (limestone, dolomite) and non-calcareous lithologies (rhyolite, sandstone, micaceous schist, shale). Within North America it is an eastern endemic, from New England south to Alabama and west to Minnesota, Iowa, and Missouri. Gueidan and colleagues (2007) documented the Vermont lectotype and additional material from Missouri, confirming this range in modern treatments. Verified records span 23 U.S. states (Appalachians, Ozarks, Great Plains) and Quebec, and mapping of 133 studied specimens indicates the species is widespread and common in eastern North America. On that basis the authors considered it not of conservation concern (effectively Least Concern if assessed). In the 2014 revision, the authors remarked that among the species they placed in Willeya, all except W. diffractella were Asian or Australian, emphasizing its otherwise North American occurrence in that framework. Historical material assigned to the variety flavicans extends to Brazil and Costa Rica, but the authors cautioned that the delimitation of varieties under W. diffractella requires further study.

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Rujukan: [1]

Habitat atau konteks temuan

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Substrat

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Peran atau konteks

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Reproduksi

The spore-bearing bodies (perithecia) are immersed within the areoles; the pore at the top (ostiole) may be inconspicuous or clearly raised and is typically 0.1–0.3 mm across. A comparative survey showed that much of this morphological spread occurs even within single thalli depending on light exposure and the inclination of the substrate, indicating ecological plasticity rather than hidden species. Asci contain 6 to 8 hyaline, ascospores (colorless spores divided by many cross-walls into a brick-like pattern) measuring about 15–32 × 9–15 μm. Algal cells also occur among the spore-bearing tissues (the hymenium), a feature recorded for this species in modern treatments. In simple iodine solution the hymenial gel turns blue (I+), a reaction reported in regional floras.

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Rujukan: [1]

Catatan identitas dan cakupan

• Nama diterima mengikuti Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11; uraian mempertahankan konsep dan nama sumber aslinya.
• Original geographic, specimen and life-cycle scope retained; source import awaits individual editorial review.
• Impor dan terjemahan otomatis belum diperiksa editorial per profil. Struktur reproduktif yang disebutkan tidak membuktikan seluruh siklus hidup diketahui.
• Pengukuran pada uraian mengikuti spesimen, kultur, dan metode sumber; angka tidak diperluas ke semua populasi.

Melihat dengan konteks

Dokumentasi Willeya diffractella menurut asosiasi foto pada record takson iNaturalist. Kredit: David Bird. Identitas mengikuti sumber; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.

Jenis

Fotografi

Kredit

no rights reserved, uploaded by David Bird

Lisensi

CC0 1.0

Sumber media

Buka entri sumber

Gambar menunjukkan objek menurut identifikasi sumber, bukan verifikasi independen spesimen oleh Fungi. Tidak ada skala baru yang ditambahkan.

Dokumentasi tambahan

Sumber profil

1. [1] Willeya diffractella — Wikipedia (en)Bagian sumber: Frozen revision 1310967750
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
   Teks sumber: CC BY-SA4.0 · Wikipedia contributors
2. [2] Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11 — Willeya diffractellaBagian sumber: ColDP NameUsage.tsv ID 7FVSG; accepted species; source 2073
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
3. [3] Dokumentasi visual — Willeya diffractellaBagian sumber: Identitas mengikuti sumber dokumentasi; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-17
   Media sumber: CC0 1.0 · no rights reserved, uploaded by David Bird
4. [4] Dokumentasi visual — Willeya diffractellaBagian sumber: Identitas mengikuti sumber dokumentasi; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-17
   Teks sumber: CC BY 4.0 · (c) Michael J. Papay, some rights reserved (CC BY), uploaded by Michael J. Papay