Athallia pyracea

Ciri dan struktur

Athallia pyracea forms a very thin, crustose thallus on bark that is sometimes partly immersed in the substrate. The surface is flat to slightly warty () and often cracked () into small areoles about 50–200 μm in diameter. Its colour ranges from pale greyish or greyish yellow to orange-yellow or orange; many thalli show a greyish background with scattered yellow-to-orange spots. A thin, grey may be visible at the margins. The is usually weakly developed, consisting of an amorphous layer of indistinct, roughly isodiametric cells. Apothecia are usually abundant, scattered to crowded (rarely touching), and sit to on the thallus. They are round to somewhat irregular and typically 0.3–1.0 mm across, with an orange that is flat to slightly convex. A is generally present, though it can become excluded in some apothecia. The is usually 35–50 μm thick and may be slightly raised or level with the disc; the is orange and granular. Microscopically, the hymenium is colourless and about 70–90 μm thick, with a hyaline (about 70–100 μm thick) that is sometimes oil-inspersed. Paraphyses are unbranched or branched near the tips, with the upper cells swollen to about 4–7 μm in diameter; the asci contain eight spores. The ascospores are ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, typically 10–15.5 × 5.5–8 μm, and (two-celled with a thickened septum), with the septum usually 3.8–5.5 μm thick (often about one-third to one-half of the spore length). The yellow parts of the thallus and the apothecia give a K+ (purple) reaction (turning purple with potassium hydroxide).

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Rujukan: [1]

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Habitat dan peran ekologis

Athallia pyracea occurs in temperate parts of the Northern Hemisphere, with records from Europe, North America, and parts of Asia. In Great Britain it is recorded across the country and is especially frequent in the north (e.g. parts of Scotland). This lichen grows predominantly on the bark of nutrient-enriched, base-rich deciduous trees such as aspen, poplars, and ash. It only very rarely colonizes other substrates, with isolated reports of A. pyracea growing on lignum (dead wood) or even on calcareous rock outcrops. Athallia pyracea is an epiphytic lichen that grows in nitrogen-rich environments, and it is considered a nitrophilous species preferring nutrient-enriched substrata. In Europe it often co-occurs with the similar bark-dwelling lichen Athallia cerinelloides in nitrophilous tree-bark communities. Several lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungi have been documented on A. pyracea. The widespread fungus Lichenodiplis lecanorae is known to grow on the apothecia of A. pyracea. The species Trichoconis hafellneri was described in 2016 from specimens growing on A. pyracea (as well as on Xanthoria parietina).

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Rujukan: [1]

Habitat atau konteks temuan

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Substrat

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Peran atau konteks

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Reproduksi

Apothecia are usually abundant, scattered to crowded (rarely touching), and sit to on the thallus. They are round to somewhat irregular and typically 0.3–1.0 mm across, with an orange that is flat to slightly convex. A is generally present, though it can become excluded in some apothecia. The is usually 35–50 μm thick and may be slightly raised or level with the disc; the is orange and granular. Microscopically, the hymenium is colourless and about 70–90 μm thick, with a hyaline (about 70–100 μm thick) that is sometimes oil-inspersed. Paraphyses are unbranched or branched near the tips, with the upper cells swollen to about 4–7 μm in diameter; the asci contain eight spores. The ascospores are ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, typically 10–15.5 × 5.5–8 μm, and (two-celled with a thickened septum), with the septum usually 3.8–5.5 μm thick (often about one-third to one-half of the spore length).

Sebagian uraian ditampilkan dalam bahasa sumber; terjemahannya belum tersedia atau belum lolos pemeriksaan.

Rujukan: [1]

Catatan identitas dan cakupan

• Nama diterima mengikuti Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11; uraian mempertahankan konsep dan nama sumber aslinya.
• Original geographic, specimen and life-cycle scope retained; source import awaits individual editorial review.
• Impor dan terjemahan otomatis belum diperiksa editorial per profil. Struktur reproduktif yang disebutkan tidak membuktikan seluruh siklus hidup diketahui.
• Pengukuran pada uraian mengikuti spesimen, kultur, dan metode sumber; angka tidak diperluas ke semua populasi.

Melihat dengan konteks

Dokumentasi Athallia pyracea dari Wikimedia Commons. Athallia pyracea Identifikasi mengikuti record berkas sumber.

Jenis

Fotografi

Kredit

Emanuele

Lisensi

CC BY-SA 4.0

Sumber media

Buka entri sumber

Gambar menunjukkan objek menurut identifikasi sumber, bukan verifikasi independen spesimen oleh Fungi. Tidak ada skala baru yang ditambahkan.

Sumber profil

1. [1] Athallia pyracea — Wikipedia (en)Bagian sumber: Frozen revision 1376961344
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
   Teks sumber: CC BY-SA4.0 · Wikipedia contributors
2. [2] Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11 — Athallia pyraceaBagian sumber: ColDP NameUsage.tsv ID J9LZ; accepted species; source 2073
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
3. [3] Dokumentasi visual — Athallia pyraceaBagian sumber: Individual media record; identification follows the source, not independent determination
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
   Media sumber: CC BY-SA 4.0 · Emanuele