Verrucaria difficilis

Ciri dan struktur

Species characterised by perithecia 1/4–3/4-immersed, leaving usually shallow pits, involucrellum covering half of the exciple or almost to the exciple base, ascospores (23–)25–29(–34) × (10–)11–12(–13) mm, morphologically rather similar to the other Finnish species of the V. subtilis complex, but the sequence divergence in ITS 1.7–2.6%. Prothallus absent. Thallus white or grey, inconspicuous, endolithic to thinly epilithic, continuous to irregularly rimose, ca. 20–80 mm thick, algal cells 5–7(–8) mm. Perithecia 0.18–0.36 mm in diam., 1/4–3/4(–1)–immersed, leaving shallow to more rarely deep pits in the rock, often thinly thalline covered except apex; 60–160 perithecia/cm 2. Ostiole inconspicuous, tiny, pale to usually dark, plane or depressed, ca. 20–30 mm wide. Involucrellum covering half of the exciple or almost to the exciple base, 40–70 mm thick, appressed to the exciple or slightly or moderately diverging from it. Exciple 0.16–0.28 mm in diam., wall dark brown, ca. 20–25 mm thick. Periphysoids (20–)25–35(–40) × 1.5–2.5 mm, some branching. Asci 77–101 × 23–28 mm, 8-spored. Ascospores (22.7–)25.1–27.0–28.9(–33.6) × (9.6–)10.6–11.4–12.3(–13.3) (n = 78), perispore 1 mm thick.

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Rujukan: [1]

Pengukuran mengikuti objek, spesimen atau kultur, dan metode yang disebutkan sumber. Baca uraian asli untuk konteks lengkap.

Habitat dan peran ekologis

Four sequenced specimens occur: two from SW Finland and two from NE Finland. The species grows on calcareous rocks and in lime quarries, on walls, boulders, stones and pebbles. Verrucaria difficilis may prefer half-shady habitats. The species is rare, but may also have been overlooked due to its morphological similarity to several other species.

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Rujukan: [1]

Habitat atau konteks temuan

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Substrat

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Peran atau konteks

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Reproduksi

Species characterised by perithecia 1/4–3/4-immersed, leaving usually shallow pits, involucrellum covering half of the exciple or almost to the exciple base, ascospores (23–)25–29(–34) × (10–)11–12(–13) mm, morphologically rather similar to the other Finnish species of the V. subtilis complex, but the sequence divergence in ITS 1.7–2.6%. Prothallus absent. Thallus white or grey, inconspicuous, endolithic to thinly epilithic, continuous to irregularly rimose, ca. 20–80 mm thick, algal cells 5–7(–8) mm. Perithecia 0.18–0.36 mm in diam., 1/4–3/4(–1)–immersed, leaving shallow to more rarely deep pits in the rock, often thinly thalline covered except apex; 60–160 perithecia/cm 2. Ostiole inconspicuous, tiny, pale to usually dark, plane or depressed, ca. 20–30 mm wide.

Sebagian uraian ditampilkan dalam bahasa sumber; terjemahannya belum tersedia atau belum lolos pemeriksaan.

Rujukan: [1]

Catatan identitas dan cakupan

• Nama diterima mengikuti Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11; uraian mempertahankan konsep dan nama sumber aslinya.
• Preserve original treatment localities, hosts and substrate scope. Materials examined describe documented specimens, not the full global range.
• Impor dan terjemahan otomatis belum diperiksa editorial per profil. Struktur reproduktif yang disebutkan tidak membuktikan seluruh siklus hidup diketahui.
• Pengukuran pada uraian mengikuti spesimen, kultur, dan metode sumber; angka tidak diperluas ke semua populasi.

Melihat dengan konteks

Habitus of the new Verrucaria species A V. bifurcata (holotype) B V. cavernarum (holotype) C V. difficilis (holotype) D V. fuscozonata (holotype) E V. kuusamoensis (holotype) F V. subdevergens (holotype) G V. vacillans (holotype). Scale bars: 1 mm (A–D), 0.5 mm (E–G).

Jenis

Pelat ilmiah

Kredit

Juha Pykälä, Annina Kantelinen, Leena Myllys

Lisensi

CC BY 4.0

Sumber media

Buka entri sumber

Gambar menunjukkan objek menurut identifikasi sumber, bukan verifikasi independen spesimen oleh Fungi. Tidak ada skala baru yang ditambahkan.

Sumber profil

1. [1] Taxonomy of Verrucaria species characterised by large spores, perithecia leaving pits in the rock and a pale thin thallus in Finland — Verrucaria difficilisBagian sumber: PMC7481264_section_30
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
   Teks sumber: CC BY 4.0 · Pykälä J, Kantelinen A, Myllys L.
2. [2] Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11 — Verrucaria difficilisBagian sumber: ColDP NameUsage.tsv ID 9ZH6Y; accepted species; source 2073
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
3. [3] Dokumentasi visual — Verrucaria difficilisBagian sumber: Individual media record; identification follows the source, not independent determination
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
   Media sumber: CC BY 4.0 · Juha Pykälä, Annina Kantelinen, Leena Myllys