Rhizocarpon superficiale

Ciri dan struktur

Thallus crustose, spreading, 2-10 cm diam., prothallus conspicuous. Areolae close together, widely dispersed, usually separated by black strips of prothallus, some specimens with a distinct border formed of young areolae of characteristic shape, 0.3-2.5 mm diam., angular, concave to plane to convex, or rounded- angular to rounded and convex, yellowish-white to yellow to greenish-yellow, surface smooth, matt or glossy or scabrid. Apothecia 0.6-2 mm diam., round to angular, usually higher than surrounding areolae, plane to subconvex, with a distinct persistent margin, surface matt, minutely papillate, "sooty". Hymenium 70-100 µm tall, colourless to brownish, dark reddish or greenish in upper parts. Asci clavate, 60-80 × 15 µm. Hypothecium brown, 60-150 mm tall. Ascospores 8 per ascus, 1-septate, small, 11-18 × 6-8 µm. Chemistry: Medulla K+ red, Pd+ yellow, or K+ yellow and Pd+ brick red (rarely K-, Pd-). Rhizocarpic, stictic or norstictic acids, rarely psoromic acid.

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Rujukan: [1]

Pengukuran mengikuti objek, spesimen atau kultur, dan metode yang disebutkan sumber. Baca uraian asli untuk konteks lengkap.

Habitat dan peran ekologis

Rhizocarpon superficiale predominantly grows on rock surfaces, particularly in harsh environments like arctic and alpine regions, although it can occasionally be found in more temperate zones. This lichen is particularly adept at colonising exposed and windy ridge crests where snow cover is often minimal during the winter. It is commonly found on the summits above the treeline, which varies from about 1900 to 2000 metres in elevation depending on exposure. The species is extensively documented on reddish slabs of Precambrian argillite in southwestern Alberta, Canada. These locations are known for their accessibility even in midwinter and for the flatness of the rock, which is ideal for scientific study. Rhizocarpon superficiale forms populations on Table Mountain and Prairie Bluff, thriving in conditions where wind exposure maximises sun and air exposure, reducing snow cover and enhancing its survival and growth. Ecologically, Rhizocarpon superficiale inhabits a niche that allows it to experience a microclimate significantly warmer than the ambient air due to its proximity to the ground. This boundary-layer environment moderates extreme temperatures that might otherwise be detrimental to the lichen.

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Rujukan: [2]

Habitat atau konteks temuan

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Substrat

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Peran atau konteks

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Reproduksi

Thallus crustose, spreading, 2-10 cm diam., prothallus conspicuous. Areolae close together, widely dispersed, usually separated by black strips of prothallus, some specimens with a distinct border formed of young areolae of characteristic shape, 0.3-2.5 mm diam., angular, concave to plane to convex, or rounded- angular to rounded and convex, yellowish-white to yellow to greenish-yellow, surface smooth, matt or glossy or scabrid. Apothecia 0.6-2 mm diam., round to angular, usually higher than surrounding areolae, plane to subconvex, with a distinct persistent margin, surface matt, minutely papillate, "sooty". Hymenium 70-100 µm tall, colourless to brownish, dark reddish or greenish in upper parts.

Sebagian uraian ditampilkan dalam bahasa sumber; terjemahannya belum tersedia atau belum lolos pemeriksaan.

Rujukan: [1]

Catatan identitas dan cakupan

• Nama diterima mengikuti Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11; uraian mempertahankan konsep dan nama sumber aslinya.
• Uraian digabungkan dari sumber spesies yang sama; lingkup geografis, bahan, dan kultur setiap sumber dipertahankan. Historical description as cited by BiotaNZ. Preserve explicit New Zealand/locality, host and specimen qualifiers. Distribution is the cited source scope, not a current global range. Original geographic, specimen and life-cycle scope retained; source import awaits individual editorial review.
• Impor dan terjemahan otomatis belum diperiksa editorial per profil. Struktur reproduktif yang disebutkan tidak membuktikan seluruh siklus hidup diketahui.
• Pengukuran pada uraian mengikuti spesimen, kultur, dan metode sumber; angka tidak diperluas ke semua populasi.

Melihat dengan konteks

Dokumentasi Rhizocarpon superficiale dari Wikimedia Commons. Deadwood Peak, Mokelumne Wilderness, California, 20140628, #6522 pers. herb. Identifikasi mengikuti record berkas sumber.

Jenis

Fotografi

Kredit

Jason Hollinger

Lisensi

CC BY 2.0

Sumber media

Buka entri sumber

Gambar menunjukkan objek menurut identifikasi sumber, bukan verifikasi independen spesimen oleh Fungi. Tidak ada skala baru yang ditambahkan.

Sumber profil

1. [1] Galloway, D. J. 1985: Flora of New Zealand: Lichens. Government Printer, Wellington. — Rhizocarpon superficialeBagian sumber: biota:82762755-cc7d-4cb0-8b36-4c4abd5608cb:d766eca6-17cb-4b23-9cc3-569419c71bda
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
   Teks sumber: CC BY 4.0 · Galloway, D. J. 1985: Flora of New Zealand: Lichens. Government Printer, Wellington.
2. [2] Rhizocarpon superficiale — Wikipedia (en)Bagian sumber: Frozen revision 1374863179
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
   Teks sumber: CC BY-SA4.0 · Wikipedia contributors
3. [3] Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11 — Rhizocarpon superficialeBagian sumber: ColDP NameUsage.tsv ID 4SC6S; accepted species; source 2073
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
4. [4] Dokumentasi visual — Rhizocarpon superficialeBagian sumber: Individual media record; identification follows the source, not independent determination
   Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
   Media sumber: CC BY 2.0 · Jason Hollinger