01 / Morfologi

Ciri dan struktur

Rhizocarpon viridiatrum starts life on the surface of other crust-forming lichens, gradually replacing its host and sometimes etching a shallow pit where the first thallus erodes. Even when self-sustaining it remains compact, rarely spreading beyond 2 cm across. The thallus is broken into tiny platelets—or —up to about 1 mm wide. These areoles are green-yellow thanks to rhizocarpic acid, lie flush with the rock or rise into little domes, and fit together like pieces of cracked paint. A black —an advance fringe of fungal threads—is usually absent but may show as a thin dark line around the edge. The internal white layer (medulla) shows no blue staining reaction with iodine (I–), a quick test used to check for starch-like compounds. Scattered across the thallus are black fruit-bodies (apothecia) up to 1 mm in diameter. They begin flat but often swell into glossy mounds that sit slightly above the surrounding areoles. The protecting rim derived from the thallus (the ) soon wears away so that the apothecial appears rimless; in thin section its outer cells are brown-black, fading inward, and give a faint purple tint when touched with potassium hydroxide solution (K test). The cap of tissue over the spore layer () is similarly dark and reacts the same way. Beneath, the transparent hymenium produces eight large ascospores per ascus. These spores measure 17–32 × 10–16 μm and are —subdivided by several cross-walls that give a brick-like pattern; they turn a deep brown on maturity. Simple spot tests of the medulla are negative with bleach (C−), potassium hydroxide (K−), and para-phenylenediamine (Pd−), indicating only rhizocarpic and some unidentified fatty acids are present.

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Rujukan: [1]

Pengukuran mengikuti objek, spesimen atau kultur, dan metode yang disebutkan sumber. Baca uraian asli untuk konteks lengkap.

02 / Kehidupan

Habitat dan peran ekologis

Rhizocarpon viridiatrum occurs across Central Europe, with confirmed records from Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, and Poland. Within this range, the species is considered rare and is classified as vulnerable on Poland's Red List of lichens. Polish populations are documented from the Baltic Lakelands (Pojezierza Bałtyckie) and Western Carpathians (Karpaty Zachodnie), whilst historical collections from the Sudeten Mountains in southwestern Poland have not been confirmed in recent surveys. Rhizocarpon viridiatrum colonizes siliceous to moderately calcareous substrates such as basalt, beginning as a parasite on other crustose lichens, particularly Circinaria caesiocinerea. It typically inhabits exposed, well-lit locations that receive relatively warm conditions despite the rocky substrate. The species typically appears as dispersed fragments or small sections interspersed among other lichen communities.

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Rujukan: [1]

Habitat atau konteks temuan
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Substrat
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Peran atau konteks
Pembentuk liken
Temukan hubungan serupa
03 / Siklus hidup

Reproduksi

Scattered across the thallus are black fruit-bodies (apothecia) up to 1 mm in diameter. They begin flat but often swell into glossy mounds that sit slightly above the surrounding areoles. The protecting rim derived from the thallus (the ) soon wears away so that the apothecial appears rimless; in thin section its outer cells are brown-black, fading inward, and give a faint purple tint when touched with potassium hydroxide solution (K test). The cap of tissue over the spore layer () is similarly dark and reacts the same way. Beneath, the transparent hymenium produces eight large ascospores per ascus. These spores measure 17–32 × 10–16 μm and are —subdivided by several cross-walls that give a brick-like pattern; they turn a deep brown on maturity.

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Rujukan: [1]

Sinonim menurut acuan taksonomi rilis: Buellia viridiatra; Catocarpus sphaericus; Diplotomma viridiatrum; Lecidea atrovirens var. viridiatra; Lecidea geographica f. sphaerica; Lecidea geographica var. sphaerica; Lecidea geographica var. viridiatra; Lecidea petraea var. viridiatra; Lichen viridiater; Patellaria viridiatra; Psora viridiatra; Rhizocarpon geographicum var. sphaericum; Rhizocarpon geographicum var. viridiatrum
04 / Batas informasi

Catatan identitas dan cakupan

  • Nama diterima mengikuti Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11; uraian mempertahankan konsep dan nama sumber aslinya.
  • Original geographic, specimen and life-cycle scope retained; source import awaits individual editorial review.
  • Impor dan terjemahan otomatis belum diperiksa editorial per profil. Struktur reproduktif yang disebutkan tidak membuktikan seluruh siklus hidup diketahui.
  • Pengukuran pada uraian mengikuti spesimen, kultur, dan metode sumber; angka tidak diperluas ke semua populasi.

Catatan distribusi dalam narasi mengikuti sumbernya. Dokumentasi spesimen atau foto mengikuti catatan sumber. Bukti wilayah Indonesia dan penilaian konservasi tidak disimpulkan dari gambar.

05 / Dokumentasi

Melihat dengan konteks

Dokumentasi Rhizocarpon viridiatrum menurut asosiasi foto pada record takson iNaturalist. Kredit: Tony Rebelo. Identitas mengikuti sumber; bukan penentuan spesimen independen.

Jenis
Fotografi
Kredit
(c) Tony Rebelo, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA), uploaded by Tony Rebelo
Sumber media
Buka entri sumber

Gambar menunjukkan objek menurut identifikasi sumber, bukan verifikasi independen spesimen oleh Fungi. Tidak ada skala baru yang ditambahkan.

06 / Rujukan

Sumber profil

  1. [1] Rhizocarpon viridiatrum — Wikipedia (en)Bagian sumber: Frozen revision 1348865952
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
    Teks sumber: CC BY-SA4.0 · Wikipedia contributors
  2. [2] Catalogue of Life Base2026-09-11 — Rhizocarpon viridiatrumBagian sumber: ColDP NameUsage.tsv ID 4SC74; accepted species; source 2073
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
  3. [3] Dokumentasi visual — Rhizocarpon viridiatrumBagian sumber: Individual media record; identification follows the source, not independent determination
    Tanggal penghimpunan sumber: 2026-10-12
    Media sumber: CC BY-SA 4.0 · (c) Tony Rebelo, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA), uploaded by Tony Rebelo

Adaptasi teks: CC BY-SA 4.0. Wikipedia contributors — Rhizocarpon viridiatrum — Wikipedia (en)

Uraian asli dan riwayat sumber

Riwayat atau halaman sumber

Ringkasan sumber

Rhizocarpon viridiatrum is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Rhizocarpaceae. The species is characterized by its distinctive yellowish-green colouration due to rhizocarpic acid and its parasitic lifestyle, initially growing on other crustose lichens before becoming independent. It forms small, compact thalli rarely exceeding 2 cm across, composed of tiny with scattered black fruiting bodies. The lichen is found across Europe, typically inhabiting siliceous to moderately calcareous rock surfaces such as basalt.

Revisi sumber

Morfologi sumber

Rhizocarpon viridiatrum starts life on the surface of other crust-forming lichens, gradually replacing its host and sometimes etching a shallow pit where the first thallus erodes. Even when self-sustaining it remains compact, rarely spreading beyond 2 cm across. The thallus is broken into tiny platelets—or —up to about 1 mm wide. These areoles are green-yellow thanks to rhizocarpic acid, lie flush with the rock or rise into little domes, and fit together like pieces of cracked paint. A black —an advance fringe of fungal threads—is usually absent but may show as a thin dark line around the edge. The internal white layer (medulla) shows no blue staining reaction with iodine (I–), a quick test used to check for starch-like compounds. Scattered across the thallus are black fruit-bodies (apothecia) up to 1 mm in diameter. They begin flat but often swell into glossy mounds that sit slightly above the surrounding areoles. The protecting rim derived from the thallus (the ) soon wears away so that the apothecial appears rimless; in thin section its outer cells are brown-black, fading inward, and give a faint purple tint when touched with potassium hydroxide solution (K test). The cap of tissue over the spore layer () is similarly dark and reacts the same way. Beneath, the transparent hymenium produces eight large ascospores per ascus. These spores measure 17–32 × 10–16 μm and are —subdivided by several cross-walls that give a brick-like pattern; they turn a deep brown on maturity. Simple spot tests of the medulla are negative with bleach (C−), potassium hydroxide (K−), and para-phenylenediamine (Pd−), indicating only rhizocarpic and some unidentified fatty acids are present.

Revisi sumber

Ekologi sumber

Rhizocarpon viridiatrum occurs across Central Europe, with confirmed records from Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, and Poland. Within this range, the species is considered rare and is classified as vulnerable on Poland's Red List of lichens. Polish populations are documented from the Baltic Lakelands (Pojezierza Bałtyckie) and Western Carpathians (Karpaty Zachodnie), whilst historical collections from the Sudeten Mountains in southwestern Poland have not been confirmed in recent surveys. Rhizocarpon viridiatrum colonizes siliceous to moderately calcareous substrates such as basalt, beginning as a parasite on other crustose lichens, particularly Circinaria caesiocinerea. It typically inhabits exposed, well-lit locations that receive relatively warm conditions despite the rocky substrate. The species typically appears as dispersed fragments or small sections interspersed among other lichen communities.

Revisi sumber

Struktur reproduksi sumber

Scattered across the thallus are black fruit-bodies (apothecia) up to 1 mm in diameter. They begin flat but often swell into glossy mounds that sit slightly above the surrounding areoles. The protecting rim derived from the thallus (the ) soon wears away so that the apothecial appears rimless; in thin section its outer cells are brown-black, fading inward, and give a faint purple tint when touched with potassium hydroxide solution (K test). The cap of tissue over the spore layer () is similarly dark and reacts the same way. Beneath, the transparent hymenium produces eight large ascospores per ascus. These spores measure 17–32 × 10–16 μm and are —subdivided by several cross-walls that give a brick-like pattern; they turn a deep brown on maturity.

Revisi sumber

Rujukan halaman ini

Fungi. Rhizocarpon viridiatrum. Rilis data fungi-2026-10-12-expansion-2. https://fungi-atlas.mgadib.chatgpt.site/jamur/rhizocarpon-viridiatrum/.

Status: impor sumber; pemeriksaan editorial per profil belum selesai. Untuk klaim biologis, gunakan rujukan pada bagian terkait dan periksa konteks sumber aslinya.